559. Crude Oil -Water Emulsions Formed by Nozzle Type Inflow Control Device
Mark Jackson, Ben Hoskin, N.N.A. Ling, Michael L. Johns, GeoEngSciEng, (2024), DOI: 10.1016/j.geoen.2024.213272
Conventional water-in-oil emulsion studies where shear energy intensity and duration are 17 applied to achieve ‘equilibrium’ emulsion droplet properties may not represent partial emulsion 18 conditions observed in single pass flow through Inflow Control Device (ICD) orifices. Our 19 experiments provide data expected to improve emulsion transport models for partial 20 emulsification processes expected in well completion and production tubulars. Development 21 of a novel flow adaptor apparatus is described together with a laboratory homogeniser enables 22 independent control of shear intensity and duration together with input water volume fraction. 23 The emulsions formed are characterised with a benchtop Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 24 spectrometer for water content and droplet size, viscosity by a rotating bob viscometer and 25 free water / emulsion proportion by optical photography. Experimental results confirmed 26 partial emulsification above 30% V/V, as observed in both previous ICD flow experiments and 27 field observations. Electrical conductivity measurements of the emulsions produced indicated 28 that partial emulsification comprising an oil external emulsion phase together with free water 29 rather than emulsion inversion occurs in this system.